Spaceflight influences gene expression, photoreceptor integrity, and oxidative stress-related damage in the murine retina. Academic Article uri icon

Overview

abstract

  • Extended spaceflight has been shown to adversely affect astronaut visual acuity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether spaceflight alters gene expression profiles and induces oxidative damage in the retina. Ten week old adult C57BL/6 male mice were flown aboard the ISS for 35 days and returned to Earth alive. Ground control mice were maintained on Earth under identical environmental conditions. Within 38 (+/-4) hours after splashdown, mice ocular tissues were collected for analysis. RNA sequencing detected 600 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in murine spaceflight retinas, which were enriched for genes related to visual perception, the phototransduction pathway, and numerous retina and photoreceptor phenotype categories. Twelve DEGs were associated with retinitis pigmentosa, characterized by dystrophy of the photoreceptor layer rods and cones. Differentially expressed transcription factors indicated changes in chromatin structure, offering clues to the observed phenotypic changes. Immunofluorescence assays showed degradation of cone photoreceptors and increased retinal oxidative stress. Total retinal, retinal pigment epithelium, and choroid layer thickness were significantly lower after spaceflight. These results indicate that retinal performance may decrease over extended periods of spaceflight and cause visual impairment.

authors

  • Overbey, Eliah
  • da Silveira, Willian Abraham
  • Stanbouly, Seta
  • Nishiyama, Nina C
  • Roque-Torres, Gina D
  • Pecaut, Michael J
  • Zawieja, David Carl
  • Wang, Charles
  • Willey, Jeffrey S
  • Delp, Michael D
  • Hardiman, Gary
  • Mao, Xiao Wen

publication date

  • September 16, 2019

Research

keywords

  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Retina
  • Weightlessness

Identity

PubMed Central ID

  • PMC6746706

Scopus Document Identifier

  • 85072275633

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  • 10.1038/s41598-019-49453-x

PubMed ID

  • 31527661

Additional Document Info

volume

  • 9

issue

  • 1