The application of nanotechnology in oncology has increased the efficacy and efficiency of some cytotoxic agents. The paradigm in this field is nab-paclitaxel, a soluble form of paclitaxel that is linked to albumin nanoparticles. The development of nanotechnology as a delivery system for paclitaxel has provided better pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics, neutralizing its hydrophobicity. This procedure significantly improves the treatment of metastatic breast cancer compared to conventional paclitaxel-based therapies, including other type of cancers such as metastatic pancreatic cancer, stage IIIB-IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and metastatic melanoma. In these last cases, significant differences were found in primary end-points for patients treated with nab-paclitaxel-based chemotherapy compared to those treated with conventional treatments. The application of nanotechnology in cancer treatment may also improve the efficacy of other known drugs, as a result of improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles, similarly to paclitaxel.
